With 3.7.1p1 and 3.7.1p2 (at least) on Solaris 7, 8 (at least), enabling UsePAM with "PermitRootLogin without-password" still allows root logins with password authentication. (compiled --with-pam) Disabling UsePAM works to restore expected behaviour; ie: password authentication fails as it should, which is my workaround, but I want to use PAM in the future.
When you use PAM you are not using password authentication anymore. You should control root auth in PAM using the pam_rootok or pam_listfile modules. perhaps we need a README.PAM file...
*** This bug has been marked as a duplicate of 701 ***
Mass change of RESOLVED bugs to CLOSED